Cutter-head



oooooooo f G. SOMMER. TTTTTTTT AD` No. 269,733. Patented Deo. 26, 1882.

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UNTTED STATES PATENT GEFTCE.

GOTTLIEB SOMMER, OF ILLIAMSPORT, PENNSYLVANIA.

CUTTER-HEAD.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 269,733, dated December 26, 1882, Application filed September 2t', 1882. (No model.)

all 'whom it may concern Be it known that I, Go'r'rLIEB SOMMER, a citzen ot the United States, residing at Williamsport, county" of Lvcoming, and State of Pennsylvania, have invented new and useful Improvements in Cutter-Heads for Molding- Machines, ot' which the following is a specilication.

My invention relates to improvements in relength between its straight upper and lower edges, giving it great strength and durability. This form gives the advantage ot' allowing it to be made of greater length between its cutting-edges, and to be sharpened as it wears without rendering it liable to be broken, as results from a tlat plate. My cutteris braced by its form at every point against the resistance of its cutting action, giving it great stil'ness along its cutting-edges to withstand cutting through knots and very hard wood. This is the important matter ot' my improvement, for edge-molding cutters hitherto made cannot withstand rough and heavy work, and the loss in cutters by breaking is very considerable in reversible edge-shaping machines.

Panel-sinking cutters have been produced from blanks hy swaging with dies, so as to give the outer faces ofcutter-wings the form ofthe molding, and necessarily a form corresponding with the cutting-edge and approximating a cone, adapted for panel or sunken-surface molding; but my cutter, while having its inner and outer faces corresponding with the molding and its clitting-edgt-,is of a construction suited only for producing edge moldings which do not require the face ot' the cutter to have the outline or form ofthe molding.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 represents a side elevation of a reversible cutter-head with my improved cutters; Fig. 2, an inner face view ot' the cutter; Fig. 3, a top view of the cutter-head with the upper clamping-collar removed; Fig. 4, a side elevation, showing a modified form of my cutter; Fig. 5, a top view of the same with the upper clamping-collar in place, and Fig.6 the modified form ofthe cutter.

The cutters may be produced from sheet-metal blanks swaged into form by dies, or from prepared forgngs. Each cutter is formed with an upper and a lower straight edge, ct b, and two cutting-edges, c d, ot' aform ot' the molding to be produced. The body ot the cutter between its upper and lower straight edges is formed crosswise to correspond with its cutting-edges, leaving the inner and outer faces, cf, of the cutter straight from one cuttingedge to the other, thus producing a cutter with both sides straight and parallel, but formed crosswise to correspond with the cutting-edges, to give it greater strength and durability. This form of cutter allows it to be made much longer then would be possible to use a flat double-edge cutter, and allows it to be sharpened until it becomes quite short, thereby allowing'it to be used' a longer time and with greater safety from accident than with a tlat short cutter such as now used for .edge-molding. In this form of double-edge cutter the lower straight edge, b., is shorter than the upper straight edge, c, and when the cutters are secured to the collars their upper straight parts, a c, stand vertical, or nearly so, andthe distance between them is much greater than the distance between the lower edges, b b, which also for a short distance stand vertical, the intermediate space across the outer face, f, ot' the cutter being curved the exact shape of the cutting-edges, which in the eX- atnple shown is that ot'a cyma reversa; but it may be of any other form suited for edge molding. While the outer face ot' the cutter has such crosswise form, its inner face, e, need not necessarily be ofsuch form, but may he of straight flat faces, as the inner face does not join the cutting-edges,butjoins the bevel which forms the cutting-edge.

The collars hz' may loe secured upon the spindlej in any suitable way, and they are provided with face grooves k to receive the upper and lower edges of the cut-ters and hold them IOO in place. a shoulder, l, ot' the spindle,'and the upper collant-,is clamped upon the cutters by a nut, on, screwed upon the upper end ot' the spindle. The clamping action of these collars will be sut'- cient to hold the cutters iu place; but the collars may be secured upon the spindle by a keyway, so that they cannot turn thereon, and I may use the ordinary g-rooved cross-heads instead of the collars.

Instead of securing' the cutters by the clamping action ot' the upper collar upon their upper edges, as shown in Fig.1, they may be secured by vertical ribs n, rlsing from their vinner faces ata point over the lower edge ot' the cutter, as in Fig. 4. In this plan the upper collar will rest low down between the upper parts ot' the entters,having the greatest distance between their inner faces, so that I may use collars of equal or unequal diameters` or crossheads otl eqn-al or unequal length, the form ot' the cutters in each case being identical.

The holding-edges ot' the cutters may be heveled and their receiving-grooves V-shaped or ot' any other suitable form.

\Vhen the cutters are held in place by the inner ribs, n, the inner faces or walls of the cutters must be dat or right-angled, to allow the upper collar to be seated upon the cutters below their upper edges and between their inner faces but I prefer clamping the cutters upon their upper edges, as giving a better clearing-space for the chips between the cutters. 'Ihe cutters are set in vertical positions, and are adapted to operate when the spindle is revolved in either direction, the cutting-edge o each cutter revolving backward, having the proper clearance, as in reversible cutters.

The inner holding-rib may be formed with the cutter or attached thereto, and when so attached the cutter may be swaged into t'orm by dies, the cutting-edges being produced by The lower collar, h, is seated upou beveling their ends from the inside outward in the usual manner ot reversible cutters.

Although the cutting-edges have the form of the molding to. be produced and the body of the cutter has the form of its cutting-edges, yet when viewed as in Figs. 3 and4 the cuttingedges appear straight.

I .claiml. The combination of the grooved clamping-collars ot' a reversible rotary cutterhead with an edge-molding cutter having double cutting-edges, straight inner and outer surfaces extending from one cutting-edge to the other, and having ay form iu the direct-ion crosswise of its length ofthe outline ot' the cuttingedges, substantially as described, for the purpose specified.

2. The double-edge moldingcntters having each straight inner and outer surfaces, ef, extendingfrom one cutting-edge, r1, t0 the other, c, formed erosswise to correspond with the outline otsaid cntting-edges, and having a holding-rib, u, on the upper part of its inner surface, in combination with the grooved clamping-collars IL fi, the upper' one, t', of which being adapted to be clamped upon the rihs n of each cutter between the inner surfaces of their upper straight parts. as described, shown,and for the purpose specified.

3. The edge-molding cutter having double Cutting-edges, straight inner and outer surfaces extending from one cutting-edge to the other,and havingl a forni in the direction crosswise of its length ofthe outline ofthe cuttingedges, as an improved article of manufacture.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the prsscnce of two subscribing witnesses.

GOTTLIEB SOMMER.

Witnesses:

A. E. II. JOHNSON, EDMOND BRODHAG. 

